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    Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) conversion to hydrogen (H2) and value-added chemicals: Progress, challenges and outlook

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    Authors
    Chan, Yi Herng
    Loy, Adrian Chun Minh
    Cheah, Kin Wai
    Chai, Slyvester Yew Wang
    Ngu, Lock Hei
    Ngu, Bing Shen
    Li, Claudia
    Lock, Serene Sow Mun
    Wong, Mee Kee
    Chin, Bridgid
    Yiin, Chung Loong
    Chan, Zhe Phak
    Lam, Su Shiung
    Date
    2023
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Chan, Y.H. and Loy, A.C.M. and Cheah, K.W. and Chai, S.Y.W. and Ngu, L.H. and Ngu, B.S. and Li, C. et al. 2023. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) conversion to hydrogen (H2) and value-added chemicals: Progress, challenges and outlook. Chemical Engineering Journal. Volume 458: 141398.
    Source Title
    Chemical Engineering Journal
    DOI
    10.1016/j.cej.2023.141398
    Faculty
    Global Curtin
    School
    Global Curtin
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90018
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas released from natural occurrences (such as volcanoes, hot springs, municipal waste decomposition) and human economic activities (such as natural gas treatment and biogas production). Even at very low concentrations, H2S can cause adverse health impacts and fatality. As such, the containment and proper management of H2S is of paramount importance. The recovered H2S can then be transformed into hydrogen (H2) and various value-added products as a major step towards sustainability and circular economy. In this review, the state-of-the-art technologies for H2S conversion and utilization are reviewed and discussed. Claus process is an industrially established and matured technology used in converting H2S to sulfur and sulfuric acid. However, the process is energy intensive and emits CO2 and SO2. This calls for more sustainable and energy-efficient H2S conversion technologies. In particular, recent technologies for H2S conversion via thermal, biological, plasma (thermal and non-thermal), electrochemical and photocatalytic routes, are critically reviewed with respect to their strengths and limitations. Besides, the potential of diversified value-added products derived from H2S, such as H2, syngas, carbon disulfide (CS2), ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4), ammonium thiosulfate ((NH4)2S2O3), methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) and ethylene (C2H4) are elucidated in detail with respect to the technology readiness level, market demand of products, technical requirements and environmental impacts. Lastly, the technological gaps and way forward for each technology are also outlined.

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