The unresolved role of the neurologist in providing dietary advice to people with multiple sclerosis

Abstract

Background: People with MS often make dietary changes after diagnosis with the aim of slowing disease progression. Although people with MS commonly use the internet for information on diet and MS, neurologists are their preferred source of information. However, little is known about what dietary advice is provided by neurologists. Objectives: To explore the perceptions of neurologists about diet and MS, and to identify the type of dietary advice they provide to their patients with MS. Methods: In this exploratory qualitative study, 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with neurologists in Western Australia. Audio files were transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were thematically analysed using a general inductive approach. Results: Four themes emerged: 1) juggling the evidence on the role of diet in MS; 2) acknowledging the risks and benefits of specific diets; 3) distancing from the diet ‘gurus’; and 4) the unresolved role of the neurologist in providing dietary advice. Conclusion: Neurologists could meet their patients’ expectations by providing evidence-based dietary advice, such as promoting the benefits of diets that adhere to national dietary guidelines, and being prepared to explain potential risks of restrictive diets. Information about healthy eating needs to be targeted to people with MS.