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    Persistence of the mitochondrial lineage responsible for the Irish potato famine in extant new world phytophthora infestans

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Martin, M.
    Ho, S.
    Wales, N.
    Ristaino, J.
    Gilbert, Thomas
    Date
    2014
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Martin, M. and Ho, S. and Wales, N. and Ristaino, J. and Gilbert, T. 2014. Persistence of the mitochondrial lineage responsible for the Irish potato famine in extant new world phytophthora infestans. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 31 (6): pp. 1414-1420.
    Source Title
    Molecular Biology and Evolution
    DOI
    10.1093/molbev/msu086
    ISSN
    0737-4038
    School
    Department of Environment and Agriculture
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/10226
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    The plant pathogen Phytophthora infestans emerged in Europe in 1845, triggering the Irish potato famine and massive European potato crop losses that continued until effective fungicides were widely employed in the 20th century. Today the pathogen is ubiquitous, with more aggressive and virulent strains surfacing in recent decades. Recently, complete P. infestans mitogenome sequences from 19th-century herbarium specimens were shown to belong to a unique lineage (HERB-1) predicted to be rare or extinct in modern times. We report 44 additional P. infestans mitogenomes: four from 19th-century Europe, three from 1950s UK, and 37 from modern populations across the New World. We use phylogenetic analyses to identify the HERB-1 lineage in modern populations from both Mexico and South America, and to demonstrate distinct mitochondrial haplotypes were present in 19th-century Europe, with this lineage initially diversifying 75 years before the first reports of potato late blight.

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