Curtin University Homepage
  • Library
  • Help
    • Admin

    espace - Curtin’s institutional repository

    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.
    View Item 
    • espace Home
    • espace
    • Curtin Research Publications
    • View Item
    • espace Home
    • espace
    • Curtin Research Publications
    • View Item

    The harms of smoking and benefits of smoking cessation in women compared with men with type 2 diabetes: an observational analysis of the ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron modified release Controlled Evaluation) trial

    237636_237636.pdf (875.4Kb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Blomster, J.
    Woodward, M.
    Zoungas, S.
    Hillis, G.
    Harrap, S.
    Neal, B.
    Poulter, N.
    Mancia, G.
    Chalmers, J.
    Huxley, Rachel
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Blomster, J. and Woodward, M. and Zoungas, S. and Hillis, G. and Harrap, S. and Neal, B. and Poulter, N. et al. 2016. The harms of smoking and benefits of smoking cessation in women compared with men with type 2 diabetes: an observational analysis of the ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron modified release Controlled Evaluation) trial. BMJ Open. 6 (1): pp. 1-9.
    Source Title
    BMJ Open
    DOI
    10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009668
    School
    School of Public Health
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/15956
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    OBJECTIVES: In general populations, the adverse effects of smoking on coronary risk have been demonstrated to be greater in women than in men; whether this is true for individuals with diabetes is unclear. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: 20 countries worldwide participating in the ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron modified release Controlled Evaluation) trial. PARTICIPANTS: 11 140 patients with type 2 diabetes aged =55 years and in cardiovascular risk at the time of randomisation. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Major cardiovascular events (death from cardiovascular disease, non-fatal stroke or non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI)), all cardiovascular events (major cardiovascular event or peripheral arterial disease or transient ischaemic attack), and all-cause mortality. Secondary outcome measures were major coronary events (fatal and non-fatal MI), major cerebrovascular events (fatal and non-fatal stroke), nephropathy (new or worsening renal disease), and all cancer. RESULTS: At baseline, 6466 (56% women) participants were never-smokers, 1550 (28% women) were daily smokers and 3124 (21% women) were former smokers. Median follow-up time was 5 years. In Cox regression models after multiple adjustments, compared with never smoking, daily smoking was associated with increased risk of all primary and secondary outcomes with the exception of major cerebrovascular disease. Only for major coronary events was there any evidence of a stronger effect in women than in men (ratio of the adjusted HRs women:men; 1.64 (0.83 to 3.26) p=0.08). For all other outcomes considered, the hazards of smoking were similar in men and women. Quitting smoking was associated with a 30% reduction in all-cause mortality (p=0.001) in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: In individuals with diabetes, the effects of smoking on all major forms of cardiovascular disease are equally as hazardous in women and men with the possible exception of major coronary events where there was some evidence of a greater hazard in women. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00145925.

    Related items

    Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

    • Risk of all-cause mortality and vascular events in women versus men with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
      Huxley, Rachel; Peters, S.; Mishra, G.; Woodward, M. (2015)
      © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Background: Studies have suggested sex differences in the mortality rate associated with type 1 diabetes. We did a meta-analysis to provide reliable estimates of any sex differences in the effect of ...
    • Effect of aspirin on cardiovascular events and bleeding in the healthy elderly
      McNeil, J.; Wolfe, R.; Woods, R.; Tonkin, A.; Donnan, G.; Nelson, M.; Reid, Christopher; Lockery, J.; Kirpach, B.; Storey, E.; Shah, R.; Williamson, J.; Margolis, K.; Ernst, M.; Abhayaratna, W.; Stocks, N.; Fitzgerald, S.; Orchard, S.; Trevaks, R.; Beilin, L.; Johnston, C.; Ryan, J.; Radziszewska, B.; Jelinek, M.; Malik, M.; Eaton, C.; Brauer, D.; Cloud, G.; Wood, E.; Mahady, S.; Satterfield, S.; Grimm, R.; Murray, A. (2018)
      Background: Aspirin is a well-established therapy for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. However, its role in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is unclear, especially in older persons, who ...
    • Outcomes from the REACH registry for Australian general practice patients with or at high risk of atherothrombosis
      Reid, Christopher; Ademi, Z.; Nelson, M.; Connor, G.; Chew, D.; Shiel, L.; Smeath, A.; de Looze, F.; Steg, P.; Bhatt, D.; Lie, D. (2012)
      Objective: To report on 1-year cardiovascular (CV) event rates in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) or with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Design, patients and setting: Prospective cohort study ...
    Advanced search

    Browse

    Communities & CollectionsIssue DateAuthorTitleSubjectDocument TypeThis CollectionIssue DateAuthorTitleSubjectDocument Type

    My Account

    Admin

    Statistics

    Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

    Follow Curtin

    • 
    • 
    • 
    • 
    • 

    CRICOS Provider Code: 00301JABN: 99 143 842 569TEQSA: PRV12158

    Copyright | Disclaimer | Privacy statement | Accessibility

    Curtin would like to pay respect to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander members of our community by acknowledging the traditional owners of the land on which the Perth campus is located, the Whadjuk people of the Nyungar Nation; and on our Kalgoorlie campus, the Wongutha people of the North-Eastern Goldfields.