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    Bottom-up assembly of metallic germanium

    228581_163075_Scappucci_2015_-_srep12948__3_.pdf (2.136Mb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Scappucci, G.
    Klesse, W.
    Yeoh, L.A.
    Carter, Damien
    Warschkow, O.
    Marks, Nigel
    Jaeger, D.L.
    Capellini, G.
    Simmons, M.Y.
    Hamilton, A.
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Scappucci, G. and Klesse, W. and Yeoh, L.A. and Carter, D. and Warschkow, O. and Marks, N. and Jaeger, D.L. et al. 2015. Bottom-up assembly of metallic germanium. Scientific Reports. 5: 12948.
    Source Title
    Scientific Reports
    DOI
    10.1038/srep12948
    ISSN
    2045-2322
    School
    Nanochemistry Research Institute
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/21833
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Extending chip performance beyond current limits of miniaturisation requires new materials and functionalities that integrate well with the silicon platform. Germanium fits these requirements and has been proposed as a high-mobility channel material, a light emitting medium in silicon-integrated lasers, and a plasmonic conductor for bio-sensing. Common to these diverse applications is the need for homogeneous, high electron densities in three-dimensions (3D). Here we use a bottom-up approach to demonstrate the 3D assembly of atomically sharp doping profiles in germanium by a repeated stacking of two-dimensional (2D) high-density phosphorus layers. This produces high-density (1019 to 1020 cm-3) low-resistivity (10-4Ω ∙ cm) metallic germanium of precisely defined thickness, beyond the capabilities of diffusion-based doping technologies. We demonstrate that free electrons from distinct 2D dopant layers coalesce into a homogeneous 3D conductor using anisotropic quantum interference measurements, atom probe tomography, and density functional theory.

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