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    Mortality and cancer incidence in workers in two Australian prebake aluminium smelters

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Sim, M.
    Del Monaco, A.
    Hoving, J.
    MacFarlane, E.
    McKenzie, D.
    Benke, G.
    de Klerk, N.
    Fritschi, Lin
    Date
    2009
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Sim, M. and Del Monaco, A. and Hoving, J. and MacFarlane, E. and McKenzie, D. and Benke, G. and de Klerk, N. et al. 2009. Mortality and cancer incidence in workers in two Australian prebake aluminium smelters. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 66 (7): pp. 464-470.
    Source Title
    Occupational and Environmental Medicine
    DOI
    10.1136/oem.2008.040964
    ISSN
    13510711
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/23853
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Background: Exposures in the aluminium production industry have been declining and this study aimed to investigate cancer and mortality in two Australian prebake aluminium smelters. Methods: The cohort included 4396 males who had worked in a prebake smelter for at least 3 months. Theywere matched against the National Death Index and the National Cancer Statistics Clearing House to obtain cause of death and type of cancer. Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMRs) and Standardised Incidence Ratios (SIRs) were calculated for the whole cohort, for production or maintenance work categories and for duration of employment categories. Results: The SMRs for all causes, circulatory, respiratory and injury deaths were at or below expected. Mesothelioma was the only significantly increased cause of death (SMR 3.52, 95% CI 1.47 to 8.46). Death from prostate cancer in production workers was elevated (SMR 2.39, 95% CI 1.29 to 4.44) and in those who had worked for more than 20 years in production or maintenance jobs (SMR 3.67, 95% CI 1.53 to 8.81). There were statisticallysignificant excesses of incident stomach cancer, mesothelioma, and kidney cancer cases, while the SIR for melanoma was significantly reduced. There was no significant trend for duration of exposure for any type of incident cancer. Conclusions: This study found no overall excess of mortality or cancer, but incident mesothelioma and kidney cancer risks were elevated. The lack of excess risk forlung or bladder cancer or deaths from respiratory disease may be related to the different level and pattern of exposure between Søderberg and prebake smelters.

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