Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Monitoring of the Operation of an Inert Anode Utilized in a Cambridge FFC-Cell

Abstract

In this work, we have used synchrotron X-ray diffraction phase-mapping combined with electrochemistry to examine the operation of an inert anode in a Cambridge-FFC type laboratory cell. Inert anodes usually function via interaction of the anode with the electrolyte (CaCl2) and the anode product (O2). Upon immersion of an anode in the bath, there is dynamic formation of an insulating oxide film at the anode surface. Such films must be thin enough to allow electronic conduction, but thick enough to protect the surface from further reaction. Utilising an in-situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction technique on a custom-built furnace for synchrotron measurements incorporating the FFC-type cell, the group is able to monitor the evolution of such films on the anode and elucidate the eventual failure mechanism of this anode.