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    Observing the coach-created motivational environment across training and competition in youth sport

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Smith, N.
    Quested, Eleanor
    Appleton, P.
    Duda, J.
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Smith, N. and Quested, E. and Appleton, P. and Duda, J. 2016. Observing the coach-created motivational environment across training and competition in youth sport. Journal of Sports Sciences. 35 (2): pp. 149-158.
    Source Title
    Journal of Sports Sciences
    DOI
    10.1080/02640414.2016.1159714
    ISSN
    0264-0414
    School
    School of Psychology and Speech Pathology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/31032
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Adopting an integrated achievement goal (Nicholls, J. G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.) and self-determination theory (Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 227–268. doi:10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01) perspective as proffered by Duda, J. L. (2013). (The conceptual and empirical foundations of empowering coachingTM: Setting the stage for the PAPA project. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11, 311–318. doi:10.1080/1612197X.2013.839414), the aim of the current study was to observe empowering and disempowering features of the multidimensional motivational coaching environment in training and competition in youth sport. Seventeen grass-roots soccer coaches were observed and rated in training and competitive settings using the multidimensional motivational climate observation system (MMCOS; Smith, N., Tessier, D., Tzioumakis, Y., Quested, E., Appleton, P., Sarrazin, P., … Duda, J. L. (2015). Development and validation of the multidimensional motivational climate observation system (MMCOS). Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 37, 4–22. doi:10.1123/jsep.2014-0059). In line with our hypotheses, coaches created different motivational environments in the two contexts. More specifically, coaches were observed to create a less empowering and more disempowering environment in competition compared to in training. The observed differences were underpinned by distinctive motivational strategies used by coaches in the two contexts. Findings have implications for the assessment of the coach-created motivational environment and the promotion of quality motivation for young athletes taking part in grass-roots-level sport.

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