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    Interpreting intervention induced neuroplasticity with fMRI: The case for multimodal imaging strategies

    Access Status
    Open access via publisher
    Authors
    Reid, L.
    Boyd, Roslyn
    Cunnington, R.
    Rose, S.
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Reid, L. and Boyd, R. and Cunnington, R. and Rose, S. 2016. Interpreting intervention induced neuroplasticity with fMRI: The case for multimodal imaging strategies. Neural Plasticity. 2016 (Article ID 2643491): pp. 1-13.
    Source Title
    Neural Plasticity
    DOI
    10.1155/2016/2643491
    ISSN
    2090-5904
    School
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/38016
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2016 Lee B. Reid et al. Direct measurement of recovery from brain injury is an important goal in neurorehabilitation, and requires reliable, objective, and interpretable measures of changes in brain function, referred to generally as "neuroplasticity." One popular imaging modality for measuring neuroplasticity is task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (t-fMRI). In the field of neurorehabilitation, however, assessing neuroplasticity using t-fMRI presents a significant challenge. This commentary reviews t-fMRI changes commonly reported in patients with cerebral palsy or acquired brain injuries, with a focus on studies of motor rehabilitation, and discusses complexities surrounding their interpretations. Specifically, we discuss the difficulties in interpreting t-fMRI changes in terms of their underlying causes, that is, differentiating whether they reflect genuine reorganisation, neurological restoration, compensation, use of preexisting redundancies, changes in strategy, or maladaptive processes. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of heterogeneous disease states and essential t-fMRI processing steps on the interpretability of activation patterns. To better understand therapy-induced neuroplastic changes, we suggest that researchers utilising t-fMRI consider concurrently acquiring information from an additional modality, to quantify, for example, haemodynamic differences or microstructural changes. We outline a variety of such supplementary measures for investigating brain reorganisation and discuss situations in which they may prove beneficial to the interpretation of t-fMRI data.

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