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    AFM study of the epitaxial growth of brushite (CaHPO4� 2H2O) on gypsum cleavage surfaces

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    Authors
    Pinto, A.
    Ruiz-Agudo, E.
    Putnis, Christine
    Putnis, Andrew
    Jiménez, A.
    Prieto, M.
    Date
    2010
    Type
    Journal Article
    
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    Citation
    Pinto, A. and Ruiz-Agudo, E. and Putnis, C. and Putnis, A. and Jim�nez, A. and Prieto, M. 2010. AFM study of the epitaxial growth of brushite (CaHPO4� 2H2O) on gypsum cleavage surfaces. American Mineralogist. 95 (11-12): pp. 1747-1757.
    Source Title
    American Mineralogist
    DOI
    10.2138/am.2010.3557
    ISSN
    0003-004X
    School
    Department of Chemistry
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/39210
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    The epitaxial overgrowth of brushite (CaHPO4·2H 2O) by the interaction of phosphate-bearing, slightly acidic, aqueous solutions with gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) was investigated in situ using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Brushite growth nuclei were not observed to form on the {010} gypsum cleavage surface, but instead formed in areas of high dissolution, laterally attached to gypsum [101] step edges. During the brushite overgrowth the structural relationships between brushite (Aa) and gypsum (A2/a) result in several phenomena, including the development of induced twofold twining, habit polarity, and topographic effects due to coalescence of like-oriented crystals. The observed brushite growth is markedly anisotropic, with the growth rate along the main periodic bond chains (PBCs) in the brushite structure increasing in the order [101] > [101] > [010], leading to tabular forms elongated on [101]. Such a growth habit may result from the stabilization of the polar [101] direction of brushite due to changes in hydration of calcium ions induced by the presence of sulfate in solution, which is consistent with the stabilization of the gypsum [101] steps during dissolution in the presence of HPO2-4 ions. The coupling between growth and dissolution was found to result in growth rate fluctuations controlled by the changes in the solution composition.

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