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    Designing anti-diabetic ß-cells microcapsules using polystyrenic sulfonate, polyallylamine and a tertiary bile acid: Morphology, bioenergetics and cytokine analysis.

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    Authors
    Mooranian, A.
    Negrulj, R.
    Morahan, G.
    Jamieson, E.
    Al-Salami, Hani
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Mooranian, A. and Negrulj, R. and Morahan, G. and Jamieson, E. and Al-Salami, H. 2016. Designing anti-diabetic ß-cells microcapsules using polystyrenic sulfonate, polyallylamine and a tertiary bile acid: Morphology, bioenergetics and cytokine analysis. Biotechnology Progress. 32 (2): pp. 501-509.
    Source Title
    Biotechnol Prog
    DOI
    10.1002/btpr.2223
    School
    School of Pharmacy
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/40271
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Purpose: Recently sodium alginate (SA)-poly-l-ornithine (PLO) microcapsules containing pancreatic β-cells that showed good morphology but low cell viability (<27%) was designed. In this study, two new polyelectrolytes, polystyrenic sulfonate (PSS; at 1%) and polyallylamine (PAA; at 2%) were incorporated into a microencapsulated-formulation, with the aim of enhancing the physical properties of the microcapsules. Following incorporation, the structural characteristics and cell viability were investigated. The effects of the anti-inflammatory bile acid, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), on microcapsule morphology, size, and stability as well as β-cell biological functionality was also examined. Methods: Microcapsules were prepared using PLO-PSS-PAA-SA mixture and two types of microcapsules were produced: without UDCA (control) and with UDCA (test). Microcapsule morphology, stability, and size were examined. Cell count, microencapsulation efficiency, cell bioenergetics, and activity were also examined. Results: The new microcapsules showed good morphology but cell viability remained low (29% ± 3%).UDCA addition improved cell viability post-microencapsulation (42 ± 5, P < 0.01), reduced swelling (P < 0.01), improved mechanical strength (P < 0.01), increased Zeta-potential (P < 0.01), and improved stability. UDCA addition also increased insulin production (P < 0.01), bioenergetics (P < 0.01), and decreased β-cell TNF-α (P < 0.01), IFN-gamma (P < 0.01), and IL-6 (P < 0.01) secretions. Conclusions: Addition of 4% UDCA to a formulation system consisting of 1.8% SA, 1% PLO, 1% PSS, and 2% PAA enhanced cell viability post-microencapsulation and resulted in a more stable formulation with enhanced encapsulated β-cell metabolism, bioenergetics, and biological activity with reduced inflammation. This suggests potential application of UDCA, when combined with SA, PLO, PSS, and PAA, in β-cell microencapsulation and diabetes treatment.

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