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    Drug Permeation across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Applications of Nanotechnology

    234548_234548.pdf (321.4Kb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Fakhoury, M.
    Takechi, Ryu
    Al-Salami, Hani
    Date
    2015
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Fakhoury, M. and Takechi, R. and Al-Salami, H. 2015. Drug Permeation across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Applications of Nanotechnology. British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research. 6 (6): pp. 547-556.
    Source Title
    British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research
    DOI
    10.9734/BJMMR/2015/15493
    School
    School of Public Health
    Remarks

    This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/48401
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a neurobiological frontier that isolates brain tissues from the blood vascular system. Its main role is to protect the brain and the central nervous system from external fluctuations in hormones, nutrients and drugs, while allowing the passage of water and small lipophilic molecules. Diffusion across the BBB can occur through several biological mechanisms, but the most common one is simple diffusion, which mainly depends on the size, lipid solubility and concentration gradient of the molecule. Because of the highly dense network of capillary endothelium cells found in the BBB, most of the drugs are not able to cross this physiological barrier. Delivering therapeutic agents to the brain is thus a big challenge, which may prevent treatment of important neurological diseases. In order to overcome this difficulty, researchers have used nanotechnology to help the passage of drugs across the BBB. Nanotechnology has significantly contributed to the field of biotechnology by improving the strategies for drug delivery, and by providing novel carriers for safe and effective brain targeting. The aim of this review is to discuss in more details the anatomical structure and the functions of the BBB, as well as its significance in neurological diseases. A closer look will be given at the transport mechanisms across the BBB. This review finally explores the most recent advances in the field of nanotechnology for drug delivery in the brain, and gives meaningful examples of delivery systems developed including the micelles, liposomes, dendrimers, microcapsules and polymeric nanoparticles.

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