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    Coccolithovirus facilitation of carbon export in the North Atlantic

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Laber, C.
    Hunter, J.
    Carvalho, F.
    Collins, J.
    Hunter, E.
    Schieler, B.
    Boss, E.
    More, K.
    Frada, M.
    Thamatrakoln, K.
    Brown, C.
    Haramaty, L.
    Ossolinski, J.
    Fredricks, H.
    Nissimov, J.
    Vandzura, R.
    Sheyn, U.
    Lehahn, Y.
    Chant, R.
    Martins, A.
    Coolen, Marco
    Vardi, A.
    Ditullio, G.
    Van Mooy, B.
    Bidle, K.
    Date
    2018
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Laber, C. and Hunter, J. and Carvalho, F. and Collins, J. and Hunter, E. and Schieler, B. and Boss, E. et al. 2018. Coccolithovirus facilitation of carbon export in the North Atlantic. Nature Microbiology. 3 (5): pp. 537-547.
    Source Title
    Nature Microbiology
    DOI
    10.1038/s41564-018-0128-4
    ISSN
    2058-5276
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/67560
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Marine phytoplankton account for approximately half of global primary productivity 1 , making their fate an important driver of the marine carbon cycle. Viruses are thought to recycle more than one-quarter of oceanic photosynthetically fixed organic carbon 2 , which can stimulate nutrient regeneration, primary production and upper ocean respiration 2 via lytic infection and the 'virus shunt'. Ultimately, this limits the trophic transfer of carbon and energy to both higher food webs and the deep ocean 2 . Using imagery taken by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Aqua satellite, along with a suite of diagnostic lipid-and gene-based molecular biomarkers, in situ optical sensors and sediment traps, we show that Coccolithovirus infections of mesoscale (~100 km) Emiliania huxleyi blooms in the North Atlantic are coupled with particle aggregation, high zooplankton grazing and greater downward vertical fluxes of both particulate organic and particulate inorganic carbon from the upper mixed layer. Our analyses captured blooms in different phases of infection (early, late and post) and revealed the highest export flux in 'early-infected blooms' with sinking particles being disproportionately enriched with infected cells and subsequently remineralized at depth in the mesopelagic. Our findings reveal viral infection as a previously unrecognized ecosystem process enhancing biological pump efficiency.

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