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    Twin research in autism spectrum disorder

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Willfors, C.
    Tammimies, K.
    Bolte, Sven
    Date
    2017
    Type
    Book Chapter
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Willfors, C. and Tammimies, K. and Bolte, S. 2017. Twin research in autism spectrum disorder. In Autism Imaging and Devices, 15-36.
    Source Title
    Autism Imaging and Devices
    DOI
    10.1201/9781315371375
    ISBN
    9781498709828
    School
    School of Occ Therapy, Social Work and Speech Path
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/72894
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition of multifactorial origin. Aside from clinically relevant ASD phenotypes qualifying for a categorical diagnosis, data increasingly support the notion of broader/extended phenotypes and traits of ASD that are continuously distributed in the general population, with variation in ASD traits determined by factors overlapping with the clinical phenotypes. Earlier twin studies confirmed repeatedly the genetic causes for ASD, with only modest environmental influences. Thus, ASD is considered one of the most heritable of psychiatric conditions with a heritability estimates between 80% and 90%. However, recent twin studies have suggested a stronger environmental influence on ASD etiologies. This chapter gives a short theoretical background on the basics of behavioral genetics and twin designs, summarizes the contribution of twin research to the knowledge of ASD etiologies, and discusses areas of interest for future twin research within the field of ASD.

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