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    Differential responses to increasing numbers of mild traumatic brain injury in a rodent closed head injury model

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Fehily, B.
    Bartlett, C.
    Lydiard, S.
    Archer, M.
    Milbourn, H.
    Majimbi, M.
    Hemmi, J.
    Dunlop, S.
    Yates, N.
    Fitzgerald, Melinda
    Date
    2019
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Fehily, B. and Bartlett, C. and Lydiard, S. and Archer, M. and Milbourn, H. and Majimbi, M. and Hemmi, J. et al. 2019. Differential responses to increasing numbers of mild traumatic brain injury in a rodent closed head injury model. Journal of Neurochemistry. 149 (5): pp. 660-678.
    Source Title
    Journal of Neurochemistry
    DOI
    10.1111/jnc.14673
    ISSN
    1471-4159
    School
    Health Sciences Research and Graduate Studies
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/74531
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), further mild impacts can exacerbate negative outcomes. To compare chronic damage and deficits following increasing numbers of repeated mTBIs, a closed-head weight-drop model of repeated mTBI was used to deliver 1, 2 or 3 mTBIs to adult female rats at 24 h intervals. Outcomes were assessed at 3 months following the first mTBI. No gross motor, sensory or reflex deficits were identified (p > 0.05), consistent with current literature. Cognitive function assessed using a Morris water maze revealed chronic memory deficits following 1 and 2, but not 3 mTBI compared to shams (p = 0.05). Oxidative damage to DNA was assessed immunohistochemically in the dentate hilus of the hippocampus and splenium of the corpus callosum; no changes were observed. IBA1 positive microglia were increased in size in the cortex following 1 mTBI and in the corpus callosum following 2 mTBI compared to shams (p = 0.05); no changes were observed in the dentate hilus. GFAP positive astrocyte immunoreactivity was assessed in all three brain regions and no chronic changes were observed. Integrity of myelin ultrastructure in the corpus callosum was assessed using transmission electron microscopy. G ratio was decreased following 2 mTBIs compared to shams (p = 0.05) at post-hoc level only. The changing patterns of damage and deficits following increasing numbers of mTBI may reflect dynamic responses to small numbers of mTBIs or a conditioning effect such that increasing numbers of mild traumatic brain injuries do not necessarily result in worsening pathology.

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