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Syringomyelia: A review of the biomechanics

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Authors
Elliott, Novak
Bertram, C.
Martin, B.
Brodbelt, A.
Date
2013
Type
Journal Article

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Elliott, N. S. J. and Bertram, C. D. and Martin, B. A. and Brodbelt, A. R. 2013. Syringomyelia: A review of the biomechanics. Journal of Fluids and Structures. 40: pp. 1-24.
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Journal of Fluids and Structures
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NOTICE: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Fluids and Structures. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Fluids and Structures, Volume 40, July 2013, Pages 1-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2013.01.010

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Abstract

Syringomyelia is a neurological disorder caused by the development of one or more macroscopic fluid-filled cavities in the spinal cord. While the aetiology remains uncertain, hydrodynamics appear to play a role. This has led to the involvement of engineers, who have modelled the system in silico and on the bench. In the process, hypotheses from the neurosurgical literature have been tested, and others generated, while aspects of the system mechanics have been clarified. The spinal cord is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which is subject both to the periodic excitation of CSF expelled from the head with each heartbeat, and to intermittent larger transients from cough, sneeze, etc., via vertebral veins. The resulting pulsatile flow and pressure wave propagation, and their possible effects on cord cavities and cord stresses, have been elucidated. These engineering contributions are here reviewed for the first time.