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    Ammonium chloride-metal hydride based reaction cycle for vehicular applications

    82173.pdf (1.628Mb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Stewart, Helen
    Humphries, Terry
    Sheppard, Drew
    Tortoza, Mariana
    Sofianos, M. Veronica
    Liu, Shaomin
    Buckley, Craig
    Date
    2019
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Stewart, H.G. and Humphries, T.D. and Sheppard, D.A. and Tortoza, M.S. and Sofianos, M.V. and Liu, S. and Buckley, C.E. 2019. Ammonium chloride-metal hydride based reaction cycle for vehicular applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 7 (9): pp. 5031-5042.
    Source Title
    Journal of Materials Chemistry A
    DOI
    10.1039/c9ta00192a
    ISSN
    2050-7488
    Faculty
    Faculty of Science and Engineering
    School
    School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences (EECMS)
    WASM: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering
    Funding and Sponsorship
    http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LE0989180
    http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LP150100730
    http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LP120101848
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/82095
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

    Hydrogen and ammonia have attracted attention as potential energy vectors due to their abundance and minimal environmental impact when used as a fuel source. To be a commercially viable alternative to fossil fuels, gaseous fuel sources must adhere to a wide range of standards specifying hydrogen delivery temperature, gravimetric capacity and cost. In this article, an ammonium chloride-metal hydride reaction cycle that enables the solid thermal decomposition products to be recycled using industrial processes is proposed. A range of metal hydrides and metal amides were reacted with ammonium chloride to determine the reaction pathways, products and overall feasibility of the cycle. The NH 4 Cl-MH (MH = metal hydride) and NH 4 Cl-MNH 2 (MNH 2 = metal amide) mixtures were heated to temperatures of up to 500 °C. The resulting products were experimentally characterised using temperature program desorption residual gas analysis, simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis and in situ powder X-ray diffraction. Similar analysis was undertaken to determine the effect of catalyst addition to the starting materials. A maximum yield of 41 wt% of hydrogen and ammonia gas mixtures were released from the NH 4 Cl-MH materials at a maximum yield of 41 wt%. This exceptional gravimetric capacity allows for volumetric gas densities (363-657 kg m -3 ) that are much higher than pure NH 3 , H 2 or metal hydride materials. Overall, this reaction cycle allows carbon-neutral regeneration of the starting materials, making it a potential sustainable energy option.

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