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    A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation

    Access Status
    Fulltext not available
    Authors
    Eslava-Schmalbach, J.
    Alfonso, Helman
    Oliveros, H.
    Gaitán, H.
    Agudelo, C.
    Date
    2008
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
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    Citation
    Eslava-Schmalbach, J. and Alfonso, H. and Oliveros, H. and Gaitán, H. and Agudelo, C. 2008. A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 61 (2): pp. 142-150.
    Source Title
    Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
    DOI
    10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.05.001
    ISSN
    0895-4356
    School
    Epidemiology and Biostatistics
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8543
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Objectives: Developing a new Inequity-in-Health Index (IHI) assuming inequity as "inequality of health outcomes," based on Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Study Design and Setting: Ecological study. Countries from around the world were included from United Nations, the World Bank, and a nonprofit organization's databases. The reliability and validity of this bidimensional IHI was tested. Main factor analysis (promax rotation) and main component analysis were used. Results: Six variables were used for constructing the IHI was constructed with six variables: underweight children, child mortality, death from malaria in children aged 0-4, death from malaria at all ages, births attended by skilled health personnel, and immunization against measles. The IHI had high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.8504), was reliable (Spearman > 0.9, P = 0.0000), and had 0.3033p around the world (range: 0p-0.5984p). IHI had high correlation with the human development and poverty indexes, health gap indicator, life expectancy at birth, probability of dying before 40 years of age, and Gini coefficients (Spearman > 0.7, P = 0.0000). IHI discriminated countries by income, region, indebtedness, and corruption level (Kruskal Wallis, P < 0.01). IHI had sensitivity to change (P = 0.0000). Conclusion: IHI is a bidimensional, valid and reliable index to monitor MDG. A new reliable methodology for developing bidimensional indicators is shown, which could be used for constructing other ones with their corresponding scores and graphs. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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