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In vitro fertilization is associated with an increased risk of borderline ovarian tumours

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Open access
Authors
Stewart, Louise
Holman, C.
Finn, Judith
Preen, D.
Hart, R.
Date
2013
Type
Journal Article

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Stewart, Louise M. and Holman, C. D'Arcy J. and Finn, Judith C. and Preen, David B. and Hart, Roger. 2013. In vitro fertilization is associated with an increased risk of borderline ovarian tumours. Gynecologic Oncology. 129 (2): pp. 372-376.
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Gynecologic Oncology
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NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Gynecologic Oncology. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Gynecologic Oncology, Vol. 129, No. 2 (2013). DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.01.027

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Abstract

Objectives: To compare the risk of borderline ovarian tumours in women having in vitro fertilization (IVF) with women diagnosed with infertility but not having IVF. Methods: This was a whole-population cohort study of women aged 20–44 years seeking hospital infertility treatment or investigation in Western Australia in 1982–2002. Using Cox regression, we examined the effects of IVF treatment and potential confounders on the rate of borderline ovarian tumours. Potential confounders included parity, age, calendar year, socio-economic status, infertility diagnoses including pelvic inflammatory disorders and endometriosis and surgical procedures including hysterectomy and tubal ligation. Results: Women undergoing IVF had an increased rate of borderline ovarian tumours with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–5.04). Unlike invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, neither birth (HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.43–1.88) nor hysterectomy (1.02; 0.24–4.37) nor sterilization (1.48; 0.63–3.48) appeared protective and the rate was not increased in women with a diagnosis of endometriosis (HR 0.31; 95% CI 0.04–2.29). Conclusions: Women undergoing IVF treatment are at increased risk of being diagnosed with borderline ovarian tumours. Risk factors for borderline ovarian tumours appear different from those for invasive ovarian cancer.