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    LOFAR, VLA, and Chandra Observations of the Toothbrush Galaxy Cluster

    74676.pdf (2.829Mb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Van Weeren, R.
    Brunetti, G.
    Brüggen, M.
    Andrade-Santos, F.
    Ogrean, G.
    Williams, W.
    Röttgering, H.
    Dawson, W.
    Forman, W.
    Gasperin, F.
    Hardcastle, M.
    Jones, C.
    Miley, G.
    Rafferty, D.
    Rudnick, L.
    Sabater, J.
    Sarazin, C.
    Shimwell, T.
    Bonafede, A.
    Best, P.
    Birzan, L.
    Cassano, R.
    Chyzy, K.
    Croston, J.
    Dijkema, T.
    Enßlin, T.
    Ferrari, C.
    Heald, G.
    Hoeft, M.
    Horellou, C.
    Jarvis, M.
    Kraft, R.
    Mevius, M.
    Intema, Hubertus
    Murray, S.
    Orrú, E.
    Pizzo, R.
    Sridhar, S.
    Simionescu, A.
    Stroe, A.
    Tol, S.
    White, G.
    Date
    2016
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Van Weeren, R. and Brunetti, G. and Brüggen, M. and Andrade-Santos, F. and Ogrean, G. and Williams, W. and Röttgering, H. et al. 2016. LOFAR, VLA, and Chandra Observations of the Toothbrush Galaxy Cluster. Astrophysical Journal. 818 (2): Article ID 204.
    Source Title
    Astrophysical Journal
    DOI
    10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/204
    ISSN
    0004-637X
    Remarks

    This is an author-created, un-copy edited version of an article accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal. The publisher is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at 10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/204

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/74391
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    We present deep LOFAR observations between 120 and 181 MHz of the "Toothbrush" (RX J0603.3+4214), a cluster that contains one of the brightest radio relic sources known. Our LOFAR observations exploit a new and novel calibration scheme to probe 10 times deeper than any previous study in this relatively unexplored part of the spectrum. The LOFAR observations, when combined with VLA, GMRT, and Chandra X-ray data, provide new information about the nature of cluster merger shocks and their role in re-accelerating relativistic particles. We derive a spectral index of at the northern edge of the main radio relic, steepening toward the south to . The spectral index of the radio halo is remarkably uniform (, with an intrinsic scatter of ). The observed radio relic spectral index gives a Mach number of , assuming diffusive shock acceleration. However, the gas density jump at the northern edge of the large radio relic implies a much weaker shock (, with an upper limit of ). The discrepancy between the Mach numbers calculated from the radio and X-rays can be explained if either (i) the relic traces a complex shock surface along the line of sight, or (ii) if the radio relic emission is produced by a re-accelerated population of fossil particles from a radio galaxy. Our results highlight the need for additional theoretical work and numerical simulations of particle acceleration and re-acceleration at cluster merger shocks.

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