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    Toxicity of different biodiesel exhausts in primary human airway epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface

    91456.AAM.pdf (1.510Mb)
    Access Status
    Open access
    Authors
    Landwehr, K.R.
    Hillas, J.
    Mead-Hunter, Ryan
    King, A.
    O'Leary, R.A.
    Kicic, Anthony
    Mullins, Ben
    Larcombe, Alexander
    Date
    2022
    Type
    Journal Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Citation
    Landwehr, K.R. and Hillas, J. and Mead-Hunter, R. and King, A. and O'Leary, R.A. and Kicic, A. and Mullins, B.J. et al. 2022. Toxicity of different biodiesel exhausts in primary human airway epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface. Science of the Total Environment. 832: ARTN 155016.
    Source Title
    Science of the Total Environment
    DOI
    10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155016
    Additional URLs
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/am/pii/S004896972202109X
    ISSN
    0048-9697
    Faculty
    Faculty of Health Sciences
    School
    Curtin School of Population Health
    Funding and Sponsorship
    http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP170104346
    Remarks

    © 2022 published by Elsevier. This manuscript is made available under the Elsevier user license https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/

    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91632
    Collection
    • Curtin Research Publications
    Abstract

    Biodiesel is created through the transesterification of fats/oils and its usage is increasing worldwide as global warming concerns increase. Biodiesel fuel properties change depending on the feedstock used to create it. The aim of this study was to assess the different toxicological properties of biodiesel exhausts created from different feedstocks using a complex 3D air-liquid interface (ALI) model that mimics the human airway. Primary human airway epithelial cells were grown at ALI until full differentiation was achieved. Cells were then exposed to 1/20 diluted exhaust from an engine running on Diesel (ULSD), pure or 20% blended Canola biodiesel and pure or 20% blended Tallow biodiesel, or Air for control. Exhaust was analysed for various physio-chemical properties and 24-h after exposure, ALI cultures were assessed for permeability, protein release and mediator response. All measured exhaust components were within industry safety standards. ULSD contained the highest concentrations of various combustion gases. We found no differences in terms of particle characteristics for any of the tested exhausts, likely due to the high dilution used. Exposure to Tallow B100 and B20 induced increased permeability in the ALI culture and the greatest increase in mediator response in both the apical and basal compartments. In contrast, Canola B100 and B20 did not impact permeability and induced the smallest mediator response. All exhausts but Canola B20 induced increased protein release, indicating epithelial damage. Despite the concentrations of all exhausts used in this study meeting industry safety regulations, we found significant toxic effects. Tallow biodiesel was found to be the most toxic of the tested fuels and Canola the least, both for blended and pure biodiesel fuels. This suggests that the feedstock biodiesel is made from is crucial for the resulting health effects of exhaust exposure, even when not comprising the majority of fuel composition.

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      Landwehr, K.R.; Hillas, J.; Mead-Hunter, Ryan ; King, Andrew ; O'Leary, R.A.; Kicic, Anthony ; Mullins, Ben ; Larcombe, Alexander (2023)
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      Landwehr, Katherine R.; Hillas, J.; Mead-Hunter, Ryan ; Brooks, P.; King, Andrew; O'Leary, R.A.; Kicic, Anthony ; Mullins, Ben ; Larcombe, Alexander (2021)
      Background: Biodiesel is promoted as a sustainable replacement for commercial diesel. Biodiesel fuel and exhaust properties change depending on the base feedstock oil/fat used during creation. The aims of this study were, ...
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